Tips on Successful Chicago Style Citation
Writing formats are crucial in modern academic world. There are standards of writing and citation accepted and shared across the board in many educational establishments. Each formatting style suits certain subjects and kinds of papers better than others, and it can even sometimes be chosen for a business paper or biology project. One of the most commonly used citation styles is Chicago, which is sometimes referred to Turabian due to specific peculiarities. Let us take a closer look and give you some tips that will help to follow the format guidelines.
Notes and bibliography system This system implies introducing footnotes and endnotes into the text. The style is mostly used in the humanities, such as History and it is a great way of commenting on the quoted sources. If it is used properly, it will prevent from plagiarism and show the quoting references.
Notes Footnotes (given below the text on each page) and endnotes (provided after each chapter or at the very end of a document) should be used each time you quote another source, or paraphrasing the overall idea. Each quote is followed by a superscript number in the body text and corresponds to a footnote starting with the same number. Notes usually include the author’s name, the full name of a written work, and publication information.
Bibliography Despite using the notes, it is still necessary to include the bibliography page. It is placed at the end of the document, but before the appendices and index if there are any. This section contains all the sources used in the paper alphabetized.
The structure of each bibliography entry includes the following:
- The author – invert the name of the author and use a comma, i.e. Simon Webber becomes Webber, Simon. If there is no author, editor or translator make sure to start the entry with the keyword that will be used in searching;
- The title – italicize them for books and journals, and for any other type of sources, put them in the quotation marks;
- Publication information – write the name of the journal or the publisher, and follow it by the year of publication;
- Punctuation – all the elements are separated from one another by periods.
- Be evenly spaced (double spaced). There should be no extra space between the words Executive Summary and the main text.
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